| Therapeutic
Category
Antiretroviral Agent,
Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitor (Combination)
Use: Treatment
of HIV infection (either alone or in combination with other antiretroviral
agents) in patients whose regimen would otherwise contain the components
of Trizivir.
Drug Induced Nutrient
Depletion
Reverse Transcriptase
Inhibitors are associated with the depletion of vitamin B12, copper, zinc,
and carnitine.
Dosage: Adults:
1 tablet orally twice daily; Note: Not recommended for patients
less than 40 kg.
Dosage adjustment in
renal impairment: Because lamivudine and zidovudine require dosage
adjustment in renal impairment, Trizivir should not be used in patients
with creatinine clearance less than or equal to 50mL/minute.
Dosage Forms: Tablet:
Abacavir 300 mg, lamivudine 150 mg, and zidovudine 300 mg.
Drug Composition Breakdown
Abacavir (a BAK a veer)
Brand Name: Ziagen
Therapeutic Category:
Antiretroviral Agent,
Nucleoside Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitor (NRTI- {Quanosine Analog})
Adverse Reactions:
hyperglycemia, vomiting, diarrhea, anorexia, pancreatitis, hypertriglyceridemia.
Drug interactions:
Ethanol may increase the risk of toxicity. Abacavir increases the blood
levels of Amprenavir. Abacavir may decrease the serum concentration of
methadone in some patients.
Administration:
May be administered with or without food.
Note: Refer to
March/April 1999 and Sept/Oct 2000 HIV ReSource Review issues for additional
information on Abacavir.
Lamivudine (la MI vyoo
deen)
Brand Name: Epivir
(3TC)
Therapeutic Category:
Antiretroviral Agent, Nucleoside Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitor (NRTI-
{Cytadine Analog})
Adverse Reactions:
Lactic acidosis and severe hepatomegaly with steatosis have been reported,
including fatal cases. Use with caution in hepatic impairment. Pregnancy,
obesity, and/or prolonged therapy may increase the risk of lactic acidosis
and liver damage.
Administration:
Food decreases the rate of absorption, however there is no change in the
systemic area under the curve. May be taken with or without food.
Note: Refer to
the Nov/Dec 1996 HIV ReSource Review issue for more information on Lamivudine.
Zidovudine (zye DOE
vyoo deen)
Brand Name: Retrovir
Therapeutic Category:
Antiretroviral Agent, Nucleoside Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitor (NRTI-
{Thymidine Analog})
Adverse Reactions:
nausea, vomiting, dyspepsia, anorexia, diarrhea.
Drug interactions:
Cytochrome P450 effect: CYP3A3/4 enzyme substrate
Dosing adjustment in
hepatic impairment: reduce dose by 50% or double dosing interval in
patients with cirrhosis.
Administration:
Preferably on an empty stomach (1 hour before or 2 hours after meals).
Note: Refer to
the Sept/Oct 1996 HIV ReSource Review issue for more information on Zidovudine.
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